Right Step Property Group Lettings & Full Management Terms and Conditions
Applicable from 1st January 2025 until superseded.
01. LEVEL OF SERVICE
Having appointed Right Step Property Group as agents upon signing the ‘lettings and full management agency agreement’, the agent will provide the following services:
- Conduct and supply a market valuation report.
- Provide guidance on compliance with statutory provisions and letting consents.
- Advise on refurbishment requirements In line with legislation.
- Creating marketing materials for the property which include professional property imagery, a detailed floorplan, detailed description of the property and the local area.
- Advertise the property on all major property portals, social media platforms & our database.
- Pre-qualify all prospective tenant(s) to highlight their current circumstance and their financial circumstance in order to make a tentative assessment of their ability to rent.
- Conduct accompanied viewings with interested applicants.
- Interview prospective tenants & negotiating the terms of the tenancy.
- Qualify tenants and conduct referencing checks.
- Conduct Full tenant credit & background checks **
- Draw up & supply the Assured Shorthold Tenancy Agreement In line with current legislation.
- Provide tenants with method of payment & setting up standing order.
- Arranging meter readings, advise service companies of the transfer of contracts to the tenant.
- Handle and register of the damage deposit in compliance with current legislation.
- Arrange and coordinate Inventory, Check-in & Check out, supply signed copies to all parties *
- Collect rental payments through our state-of-the-art automated payment system.
- Supply Periodic rental statements & annual account statements.
- Pursue non-payment of rent and provide advice on rent arrears actions.
- Arranging routine repairs/ maintenance, supervising works, and settling accounts from rents.
- Organise safety inspections as per legislation.
- Inspecting the Property on a regular basis, not less often than once every six months.
- Hold keys throughout the tenancy term for emergency access.
- facilitate Security Deposit dilapidation negotiations.
- Ensure compliance with changing regulation.
- Organise and issue any relevant notices requiring possession.
*Please note these services are carried out by a third-party company at an additional cost to the landlord, Only the arranging and managing these services are included in the Let & Management Service.
** Please note that the Credit & background Checks, Rent recovery and Legal cost cover is offered by a third-party company, Barbon Insurance Group Limited which is authorised and regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority for insurance mediation.
02. AGENCY
02.2 The marketing of the property will run for a minimum period highlighted in section 4 agency terms of the agreement, from the date the marketing begins, after which it will continue until the property is let or until the agreement is terminated.
03. TERMINATION OF INSTRUCTIONS
03.1 Termination of the marketing can be affected by either party giving 28 days written notice, subject to the agreed minimum period. You will remain liable for any fees due to us notwith- standing the termination of this agreement. This does not detract from our rights to charge fees or your liability for payment and fees.
03.2. To present your property at its very best we will capture a suite of top-quality photographs, create elegant floor plans, write compelling descriptive copy and propagate this over leading property web sites. If you withdraw your property from the market during the exclusive or notice period (i.e. you dis-instruct us or decline viewings) you agree to pay a contribution towards these costs of £114.00 inc VAT.
03.3. For Full Management service, this agreement may not be terminated once the tenancy agreement has been entered into, until the tenancy has ended at either the instigation of the Tenant’s or the Landlord and the Property being vacated by the Tenant(s).
03.4. If the landlord has instructed multiple agents and Right Step Property Group are successful in introducing a tenant, it is the landlord’s responsibility to notify the other agents. Likewise, if another agent has been successful in finding a tenant the landlord is required to notify Right Step Property Group in writing to withdraw the property from the market. If Right Step Property Group has already found a suitable tenant, then the landlord should honour the terms in the agency Agreement.
04. FEES
13.1. The commission is taken as a percentage of the gross rents due for the period of the tenancy. If the final letting price is more/less than the figure noted in section 2 marketing launch price ,the actual amount due will increase or decrease-accordingly. You will be liable to pay the commission fee and any other cost or charges agreed in each of the following circumstances.
13.2. You will be liable to pay our fee, in addition to any other costs or charges agreed, if at any time contracts for the letting of the property are exchanged with Tenants introduced to you by us during our agency period, or with whom we have had negotiations about your property, or by any direct approach to you if prompted by our sign or promotion. Or, if Sole Agency is selected, with a tenant introduced by any other Agent or person.
13.3. If the property is let through another agent the Landlord agrees to advise us of the name and address of the Tenant(s), the Let price, the date of viewing, the date of contract signed and the name and address of the Letting agent.
13.4. Dual Fee Liability: Dual fee liability may occur where you have previously instructed another agent to let the property, or where you instruct another agent to let the property on a sole agency or sole letting rights basis, during or after the termination of this agreement.
13.5. The fees as noted in section 3. Agency fees shall be reviewed by Right Step Property Group with effect from 1st of September in each year, and if upon such review, Right Step Property Group concludes that any or all of the relevant costs borne by Right Step Property Group have increased at any time after the commencement of this agreement, it shall notify the Landlord in writing within 14 days after that review date of the amount of the consequent increase in the Price that Right Step Property Group will implement and the price shall be deemed to increase accordingly with effect from the date that is 60 days after that notification.
05. ANTI-MONEY LAUNDERING
To Comply with current anti-money laundering regulations, we are required to obtain proof of address, evidence of identity from all landlords and proof of ownership of the property intended to let
06. MARKETING
The standard marketing procedure may involve the preparation of illustrated details for circulation to prospective Tenants, display of coloured photographs of the property in the branch and the placing of advertising as we consider appropriate. Agent boards are also used as part of marketing, unless specific instructions to the contrary are provided in writing, you hereby give us specific authority to erect a To Let board within the curtilage of the property. The agent board will remain the property of Right Step Property Group. You agree that the agent may mention the property (but not your identity or personal information) in general advertising following completion of the let
07. SUB AGENTS
The landlord(s) hereby authorises the agent to appoint one or more sub-agents (at no extra cost to the Landlord(s) at the sole discretion of the agent to assist in the marketing of the property unless the landlord(s) specifically instructs in writing to the contrary.
08. SALE OF PROPERTY TO TENANT OR OTHER PERSON’S INTRODUCED BY AGENTS
Where the Landlord sells the Property to a Tenant or other persons introduced by the Agent during the tenancy a fee of 1.25% plus VAT of the selling price will become due and payable by the Landlord to the Agent. By signing this Agreement, the Landlord agrees to notify the Agent of the selling price and authorise his solicitors to deduct the appropriate fee from the proceeds of the sale and remit to the Agent.
09. ENERGY PERFORMANCE CERTIFICATE (EPC)
A valid Energy Performance Certificate (EPC) is required for all properties offered for let. The EPC must at least be commissioned before marketing commences and should be in place within 7 days. If it is not in place within 28 days, the property must be withdrawn from the market until the EPC is available. The Domestic Minimum Energy Efficiency Standard (MEES) Regulations set a minimum energy efficiency level of E for domestic private rented properties. If the rating is F or below, you must take appropriate steps to comply with the requirements of the MEES Regulations.
10. STATUTORY OBLIGATIONS OF THE LANDLORD WHEN LETTING RESIDENTIAL PROPERTY
The Landlord hereby warrants to the agent that the furniture and furnishings in the property comply with the requirements of the Consumer Protection Act 1987 and all statutory instruments made under it, in particular the Furniture, Furnishings (Fire) (Safety) regulations 1988 as amended by the Furniture and Furnishings (Fire) (Safety) (Amendment) Regulations 1989 and 1993. The Gas Safety (Installation and Use) Regulations 1998, The Electrical Equipment (Safety) Regulations 1994, The Plug Sockets etc. (Safety) Regulations 1994 and the General Products Regulation 1994 and all other relevant legislation either current or in the future as applicable to the letting of residential Property
11. RENT INCREASE
The Landlord may increase the Rent in line with the ‘Market rates’ at the end of the fixed term of any assured shorthold tenancy agreement and annually thereafter by serving notice on the Tenant in accordance with any rent increase clause that is found on the assured shorthold tenancy agreement. The Landlord is required to give the Tenant at least one calendar month’s notice in writing of any rent increase, stating the new rental amount and the date when the increase takes effect. Any rent increase may not take effect during the fixed term or less than twelve months following the date of any previous rent increase.
At any point during the tenancy, in compliance with current legislation, should the decision be made to increase the rental amount, the new annual rental figure must remain within the financial means of the current tenants, as determined by their credit and reference checks. If the new annual rental figure exceeds the limit previously established by the tenants’ successful credit and reference checks, a new set of credit and reference checks shall be conducted and must meet the required standards to ensure the continued validity of the rent recovery-policy and coverage of legal costs. These additional checks will be at the expense of the landlord.
12. NON-UK RESIDENT OVERSEAS
When letting property and collecting rents for landlords overseas, the Agent is obliged by the Taxes Management Act (TMA)1970 and the Taxation of Income from Land (Non-Residents Regulations 1995 to deduct tax (at the basic tax rate) to cover any tax liability, unless the landlord has been authorised in writing by Inland Revenue to receive rent gross. In this situation, the Agent also requests that the Landlord appoints an accountant or reservesthe Agent the right to employ a suitably qualified accountant in order to manage correspondence with the Inland Revenue. A standard quarterly charge of £50 + VAT (£60 incl. VAT) will be made for this work and reasonable administration expenses may be charged by the Agent for further work requested by the Landlord, the Landlord’s accountant or the Inland Revenue in connection with such tax liabilities. In many cases, landlord’s tax liability is minimal when all allowable costs are deducted. The Agent will be entitled to retain any interest on any monies collected while held in their account. Until receipt of the approval from Inland Revenue, the Agent will be obliged to withhold the tax.
13. CONFIRMATION OF INSTRUCTIONS
All instructions of the Agent regarding the service must be given in writing (letter or email). Any verbal instructions must be confirmed in writing. Sufficient time must be given for the instructions to be fulfilled; failure to do so will not render the Agent negligent. Instructions received at weekends or Bank Holidays will be auctioned on the next working day.
14. LIABILITY OF THE AGENT
Unless caused by the Agent’s negligence no liability shall be attached to the Agent for any loss, damage or legal or other expenses sustained as a result of:
- The client’s failure to provide accurately all information reasonably required for the Agent to undertake the service.
- Any forecast by the Agent of likely income or expenditure;
- Failure to identify any defect in the Property or its fixtures;
- The act, omissions or insolvency of any person other than the Agent; and
- The failure of the tenant to pay the rent or comply with the terms of the Tenancy Agreement.
23.1. The Landlord shall indemnify the Agent of respect of any claims made by another or third party for any loss, injury, damage, legal or other expenses referred to in sections 13 above.
15. REPAIRS AND STATUTORY OBLIGATIONS
The Agent has authority to carry out repairs to the Property and its contents up to £200 save in the circumstances set out in this clause. This can be deducted from the rental income. Any amounts over £200 will need to be paid for before works are instructed, this will need to be paid via BACS bank transfer. The Landlord authorises the Agent to carry out any appropriate action to comply with all Statutes and Regulations and to incur the necessary expenditure. The Landlord fully indemnifies the Agent against all costs, claims, damages and expenses and other payments made pursuant to this authority or arising out of breach or non-observance or non-performance by the Landlord or such Statutory obligations or Regulations, Rules and Orders.
Further the Landlord undertakes to ratify whatsoever the Agent shall lawfully do in performance of their management service and to indemnify them against all costs, payments and expenses incurred by them. The Agent shall not be held responsible for the non-payment of Council Tax, Rates (if any) or supply of utilities in respect of the Property. The Landlord agrees to provide the letting property in good and lettable condition and agrees to make the Agent aware of any ongoing maintenance problems.
16. CLIENTS MONEY
Monies held on behalf of the Landlord shall be held in a separate Client Account. The Landlord agrees that no interest is to be paid to him on monies held in the client account.
17. LEGAL FEES
If a Managed service has been requested without the aid of Rent recovery and legal cost cover, Right Step Property Management will act in the first instance to any delay of payment or other defaults by the Tenant. Where the agent has been unsuccessful in these initial actions, or there are significant rent arrears of breaches of the Tenancy Agreement, the Landlord will be advised accordingly. A solicitor may then be appointed and instructed by the Landlord (except here the Agent is unable, after taking reasonable efforts, to contact the Landlord. In the event the Agent is authorised to instruct a solicitor on the Landlord’s behalf). The Landlord is responsible for payment of all legal fees and any related costs.
18. INSURANCE
The Landlord shall be responsible for the property being adequately insured and that the insurance policy covers the situation where the property is let. Upon the Landlord’s instruction, the Agent will obtain and supply quotations / claim forms to the Landlord for any claims arising during the period of management where the property is being managed and subject to an additional charge for major works
19. MANAGEMENT WHILE THE PROPERTY IS VACANT
During void periods, If requested the Agent will continue to manage the property at a fee of £100.00 plus VAT (£120.00 including VAT) per month if instructed by the Landlord in writing. However, the Agent cannot be held liable for any loss and/or damage arising from fire, flood or theft. If the Landlord requires supplies to be turned off or disconnected during this period, the Agent must receive instructions in writing and will arrange for the required contractor to attend at the Landlord’s expense. The Landlord is also advised to contact his/her insurance company should the property be empty for longer than 30 days.
20. INVENTORY, CHECK-IN AND CHECK-OUT
The agent will arrange for an independent inventory clerk to prepare an inventory, Check-in and check-outs for the Property throughout each tenancy, unless specific instructions to the contrary are provided in writing, you hereby give us specific authority to arrange all Inventories, Check-in and Check-outs. The cost of all inventories, check-in and check-outs will be the responsibility of the landlord. Costs vary depending on the size of the property and its level of furnishing. For more information on the cost of this third-party service, please refer to our recommended inventory clerks inventories website: https://anitainventories.co.uk/. Where a landlord chooses not to have a professional inventory or prepares their own, Right Step Property Management cannot manage the check-out process or be liable for any dilapidation against the deposit.
21. RENEWALS
Where, with the consent of the Landlord, the tenancy is renewed or extended to the same tenant (or any person associated with the tenant) originally introduced by the Agent, a renewal fee of £150.00 plus VAT (£180.00 Including VAT) shall be payable on the renewal date. The agent shall prepare the tenancy agreement, if required, for the new or extended tenancy and the terms of this agreement shall continue until the tenant leaves.
22. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
Any delays of payment or other defaults will be acted on by the Agent in the first instance. Where the Agent has been unsuccessful in these initial actions, or there are significant rent arrears or breaches of the tenancy agreement, the Landlord will be advised accordingly. A solicitor would then be appointed and instructed by the Landlord (except where the Agent is unable, after taking reasonable efforts, to contact the Landlord. In that event the Agent is authorised to instruct a solicitor on the Landlord’s behalf). The Landlord is responsible for payment of all legal fees and any related costs.
23. INSPECTIONS
The agent will normally carry out inspections every six months starting from the first month. It is not the intention to check every item of the inventory at this stage; the inspection is concerned with verifying the good order of the tenancy (i.e. property being used in a ‘tenant-like’ manner) and the general condition of the Property. This would normally include inspecting the main items (carpets, walls, cooker, main living areas and gardens). Where these were felt to be unsatisfactory, a more detailed inspection would generally be made. A fee of £100.00 plus VAT (£120.00 including VAT) will be charged for any additional visits or inspections requested.
24. DEPOSITS
Upon signing the tenancy agreement, the Agent will take a dilapidations deposit from the tenant(s) in addition to any rents due. The purpose of the dilapidations deposit is to protect the Landlord against loss of rent or damage to the Property during the tenancy itself. The deposit will be protected by the Deposit Protection Service (DPS) in accordance with the Terms and Conditions of the DPS. The Terms and Conditions governing the protection of the deposit including the repayment process can be found at www.depositprotection.com. No interest on deposit will be payable to the Landlord.
25. RESERVATION FEES
A reservation fee is generally taken from a tenant applying to rent a property. The purpose of this fee is to verify the tenant’s serious intent to proceed, and to protect the Agent against any administrative expenses (taking out bank references, conducting viewings, re-advertising) that may be incurred should the tenant decide to withdraw the application. The reservation fee does not protect the Landlord against loss of rent due to the tenant deciding to withdraw or references proving unsuitable although early acceptance of rent from the applicant would not be advisable until satisfactory references have been received.
26. GENERAL AUTHORITY
The landlord authorises Right Step Property Management to carry out the various duties of the Letting Service as detailed in section 10 previously. It is declared that the agent may earn and retain commissions on insurance policies issued or any other services provided to the landlord or to the tenant.
27. KEYS
The landlord will provide to the Agent duplicate keys for each door at the property for which a key is required. The landlord also agrees to provide a set of duplicate keys for each additional tenant should there be more than two tenants for the property. If the required number of sets of keys is not provided the landlord agrees that the Agent may have the required sets made. All key-cutting costs will be borne by the Landlord including agents time to get keys cut if you request the agent to carry this out.
28. LICENCING
a. Selective licensing: The landlord confirms that if the property is subject to selective Licensing through their local authority pursuant to Section 79 – 100 of The Housing Act 2004, the property is and has at all relevant times been licensed by the local authority and that no further licences are required to let the property. The landlord also confirms that he/she have and will continue to comply with all requirements of the Licence and The Housing Act 2004.The landlord will produce to the agent prior to the commencement of the tenancy and subsequently should the agent request the original Licence and all other documents as required as a condition of the Licence. Moreover, the landlord will indemnify the agent from and against all costs, payments and claims, damages and all expenses incurred by the agent as a result of any breach or non-compliance with the Licence or The Housing Act 2004. It is the landlord’s responsibility to check if the Property is subject to Selective Licensing by the local authority and to acquire and pay for the Licence.
b. House in multiple occupation: The landlord confirms that if the Property is classified as a House In Multiple Occupation (HMO) pursuant to Sections 254 – 260 of The Housing Act 2004, the Property is and has at all relevant times been licensed by the local authority and that no further licences are required to let the Property. The Landlord also confirms that he/she have and will continue to comply with all requirements of the Licence and The Housing Act 2004. The Landlord will produce to the Agent prior to the commencement of the tenancy and subsequently should the Agent request the original Licence and all other documents as required as a condition of the Licence. Moreover, the Landlord will indemnify the Agent from and against all costs, payments and claims, damages and all expenses incurred by the Agent as a result of any breach or non-compliance with the Licence or The Housing Act 2004. It is the Landlord’s responsibility to check if the Property is subject to discretionary licensing by the local authority and to acquire and pay for the Licence.
29. TENANCY AGREEMENT
Our services include the preparation of a tenancy agreement in the Agent’s standard form(s) and provision of a copy of this agreement to a designated advisor or building society. Should the Landlord, advisors or mortgagees require amendment of the contract or require the Agent enter into further work or correspondence, a fee for this extra work may be requested (or you may have the tenancy agreement amended by your own adviser at your own expense).It is agreed that the Agent may sign the tenancy agreement(s) on behalf of the Landlord. Landlords should be aware that any tenancy agreement entered into on the Landlord’s behalf is a binding legal agreement for the term agreed. Details of any tenancy agreement being entered into will be communicated to the Landlord as soon as possible. Landlords should be aware that the legal minimum notice period to tenants under assured tenancies is generally two months (should the contract allow for early termination) and this needs to be given even in the case of a fixed term tenancy which is due to expire.
30. UTILITIES
The Agent will take meter readings whenever possible at each change of occupation in the Property and inform the service companies (electricity, gas and water) of these readings and change of occupation. In many cases, the service companies (e.g. BT) require that the new occupiers formally request and authorise the service and it is not possible for the Agent to do this on the tenant’s or Landlord’s behalf.
31. MAIL
Landlords should take care to inform all parties (e.g. Banks, clubs, societies etc.) of their new address; it is not always possible to rely on tenants to forward mail. The Agent will charge the cost of postage for redirection of mail.
32. COUNCIL TAX
Payment of Council tax will normally be the responsibility of the tenants in the Property. However, landlords should be aware that where a property is empty, let as holiday accommodation, or let as a house in multiple occupation (HMO) responsibility for payment of council tax then rests with the owner of the property.
33. LANDLORD(S) WARRANTIES
The Landlord(s) warrants to Right Step Property Group that he/she is entitled to let the property without consent of any third party and has authority to enter into and abide by the terms of this Agreement. The Landlord confirms that he/she is the sole or joint owner of the Property and has the right to rent out the Property under the terms of the mortgage or head lease. Where necessary, the Landlord confirms that permission to let has been granted by the mortgagee.
34. REASONABLE COSTS AND EXPENSES
The Landlord agrees to repay the Agent for any reasonable costs, expenses or liabilities incurred or imposed on the Agent provided that they were incurred on behalf of the Landlord in pursuit of the Agent’s normal duties. To assist the Agent in carrying out his duties effectively, the Landlord agrees to respond promptly with instructions where necessary to any correspondence or requests from the Agent.
35. PRE-TENANCY FEES
Please note these fees are only applicable if the statutory compliance is not undertaken by the landlord and we are required to arrange and facilitate the statutory compliance. For infomtion on fee please see here : https://rspg.io/landlord-fees/
36. ADDITIONAL FEES
- Accompanied Check-in Fees: Attending the property to welcome the tenant(s), confirm the Inventory and Schedule of Condition, explain the operation of appliances, highlight the location of utility meters, stop-cocks etc. and test that all smoke alarms and carbon monoxide detectors are present and in working order. This is subject to an approved Inventory as above: £120 inc VAT
- Additional Property Visits: Should the landlord request property visits in addition to those within their existing Terms of Business, this covers the costs of attending the property: £120 inc VAT
- Obtaining additional contractor quotes: to cover administration and agents time to obtain each additional quotes other then our preferred contractors or any that you have recommended. £72 in VAT
- Contactor diagnosis visit: (Fee is wavered if contractor is chosen to carry out the work). £96 inc VAT
- Court Attendance Fees Per Hour. £120 inc VAT
- Key cutting ( not including the cost of keys) £18
- Deposit Transfer Fees: Should the landlord request any changes to a protected deposit during a tenancy, this covers the costs associated with legal compliance for said request. £72 INC vat
Please note: Prices are subject to change. Right Step Property Management cannot control prices of external trades people. Reasonable measures have been taken to ensure these details are correct. The agent cannot be held responsible for legal changes, or third-party errors. Please seek additional details or advice if you are in any doubt.
37. CHANGES TO THESE TERMS AND CONDITIONS
Right Step Property Group may alter these terms and conditions at any time with notice. They will be binding with all clients at the time of notification except where Right Step Property Group collects rents and manages the property where the alterations will be binding at the end of the tenancy that is currently running. If the amendments are due to statutory changes, they will take effect immediately upon notification. Right Step Property Group will accept no alterations to these Terms and Conditions unless agreed in writing prior to the commencement of the agency and signed by the Director, a copy of which to be annexed to these Terms and Conditions.
38. COMPLAINTS
Should you have a reason to make a complaint, please address the complaint to the person with whom you have been dealing in respect of the matter giving rise to your complaint. If you remain dissatisfied with any aspect of the handling of the complaint, please refer to Right Step Property Group complaint handling policy. A copy of the complaint handling policy can be obtained by contacting Right Step Property Group or by visiting our website and clicking on the complaints procedure tab at the bottom of the page. All complaints will be investigated and dealt with at no extra cost to the consumer. The complainant’s legal rights aren’t affected throughout the process.
39. THE PROPERTY OMBUDSMAN (TPO)
We are members of the TPO and abide by the TPO code of practice. You agree that we may disclose information relating to the let of your property to the Ombudsman, if you have registered a complaint and they ask for it. You also agree that we may disclose your details to TPO if they ask for it to assist in their monitoring of our compliance of the code of practice.
40. UNFAIR TRADING REGULATIONS
Under this regulation anything we say or publish about your property must be accurate and you may also have a liability if you provide us with any inaccurate information. You therefore agree to check the details we produce about your property and if you believe any aspect to be inaccurate or misleading you will advise us in writing immediately. We are also obliged to pass on any material information that would impact on a potential Tenant(s) transactional decision and so you must advise us of anything you feel is relevant to this
41. DISCRIMINATION
No tenant(s) will receive less favourable treatment from Right Step Property Group on the grounds of race, colour, ethnic origin, age, religion, sex, marital status or physical disability.
42. GENERAL DATA PROTECTION REGULATIONS
In signing this agreement, you give consent for us to process your personal data noted on this agreement and transmitted in future messages for the purpose of selling the property. You additionally authorise us to communicate your personal data to third parties who are a necessary adjunct to the marketing process, such as, but not limited to; Signboards Contractors, Solicitor and Financial Service providers. You may withdraw consent at any time and once our business relationship is at an end you may request the information be deleted.
43. INDEMNITY
The Landlord undertakes to ratify actions properly and lawfully performed under the terms of this Agreement and identifies them against all costs, claims and expenses incurred by them.
44. WAIVER
No actions performed by either the landlord or the agent shall prevent the other subsequently insisting upon his rights and remedies under this agreement.
45. JURISDICTION
This agreement is governed by English law and this is subject to the exclusive jurisdiction of the courts of England and Wales.